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Homologaciones técnicas

Acreditaciones oficiales

✓ANF AC is the Validation Authority, and together with @Firma (Government of Spain), are the only entities authorized to issue validations that determine the validity status of the certificates issued by the different hierarchies of ANF AC.

✓The IETF approved way to verify the validity of a certificate is the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP).

✓The OCSP service for electronic signature validation at source is
a high availability on-line service.
It complies with the provisions of Art. 32.1 of Regulation (EU) 910/2014; in an automated way it includes the advanced electronic signature of ANF AC in its capacity as Validation Authority.

Cost savings

Administrative paper management. Cost estimate based on a direct product cost of 4 euros per pack of 500 units of 80-gram, DIN A-4 size paper.

Estimated calculation based on: Cost of product, transport, storage, printing, archiving, handling, destruction.
Approximate estimate €0.5.

In the case of paper invoices, burofax, notary, etc. the costs rise exponentially, reaching up to 10 times the value of administrative management.

For example, all published studies estimate the savings from a digitisation process of invoices to be at least:
─ Invoice issued is 2,85 euros
─ Invoice received of 2.86

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) energy consumption footprint

Objective: to determine the energy required in paper production.

Inventory analysis: The paper process is intensive in the consumption of electricity and steam.
The paper process is intensive in the consumption of electricity and steam.
Approximately 4,000 kWh of energy (77% from fossil fuels) is used to produce 1 tonne of paper.
The electricity mix in 2010 is 181 g CO2/kWh.
The electricity mix for 2010 is 181 g CO2/kWh. CO2 emission factor attributable to electricity supply known as electricity mix (g CO2/kWh).

Source info: Generalitat de Catalunya -Guia práctica.

Environmental impact assessment: Spain is a producer of paper pulp, accounting for more than 10% of the total energy consumed by the whole industry in Spain, which is more than 14,000 ktoe. For energy production in Spain, fossil fuels have covered more than 77 %, nuclear more than 12 %. And 11 % of renewables.
─ 1 ktoe equals 11,630,000 kW-h
─ 1 ktoe is 1000 tonnes of oil equivalent.

Source: Government of Spain

Interpretation: Each sheet of white paper in its usual format 80 grams DIN A4 size weighs 5 grams (not including the associated shrinkage). Therefore, each sheet requires:
─ 0.0154 kWh of energy, which is equivalent to
─ 0,0462 kg of oil, which in turn represents
─ 2.7874 g CO2.

Steam generation is not included in this analysis as there is no data on steam generation produced.

Environmental impact
The generation of electricity using fossil fuels generates carbon dioxide, which is one of the main causes of the greenhouse effect.

Water vapour (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and ozone (O3) are the main greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere (Kyoto Protocol).

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) environmental degradation footprint

Objective: to determine the environmental degradation caused by paper production.

Inventory analysis: In order to make the paper white, it is necessary to use various additives such as chlorine dioxide, a product that does not exist naturally in the environment and requires other production processes, the effect of which is not included in this analysis. This product dissolves in the water which, once used, is discharged into the environment, causing serious polluting effects.

Environmental impact assessment: Producing one tonne of white paper requires about 10 litres of chlorine dioxide, and 10 kg of talc per tonne of paper pulp.

Source info: paper industry Kay Teschke and Paul Demers)

Interpretation: Each sheet of white paper in its usual 80 grams DIN A4 size weighs 5 grams (not including the associated shrinkage). Therefore, each sheet requires 0.05 grams of talc and 0.05 grams of chlorine dioxide.

Environmental impact
The so-called organochlorine compounds (more than a thousand different ones) are formed when wood pulp reacts with chlorine. Of this chemical cocktail, only about 300 are actually known.

– The persistence of organochlorines over time is enormous. Living beings do not have the means to excrete them and so their concentration increases as they move through the food chain. Any release of chlorine into the environment, in liquid or solid form, such as some plastics (PVC), also causes this phenomenon.

– A number of organochlorine compounds are particularly dangerous: the so-called dioxins, the most potent poison ever invented. Their toxicity is 70,000 times greater than that of cyanide. A milk carton without an aluminium inner protection can contaminate the contents of the carton with dioxins, which is why some countries, such as New Zealand, have banned them.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) water footprint

Objective: to determine the loss of oxygen necessary for human life through the production of paper.

Inventory analysis: One tree provides the oxygen consumed by 3 people in a day. Every year, 4 billion trees are cut down worldwide to make paper.

Environmental impact assessment: Producing one tonne of virgin paper requires a minimum of 474,000 kg of water.

Source info: paper industry Kay Teschke and Paul Demers)

Interpretation: Each sheet of white paper in its usual format 80 grams DIN A4 size weighs 5 grams (not including the associated shrinkage). Therefore, each sheet of paper assumes the oxygen consumed by 0.000735 parts of 3 people.

Environmental impact
The greenhouse effect is an unquestionable reality; the current felling of trees represents a loss of oxygen generation equivalent to almost four times the world’s population.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) water footprint

Objective: To determine the freshwater consumption required to produce paper.

Inventory analysis: It takes 324 litres of water to manufacture one kilo of pulp paper.
In addition, a kraft pulp bleaching mill with a production of 1,000 tonnes per day consumes more than 150 million litres of water per day, which is discharged as highly polluted water.

Environmental impact assessment: Producing one tonne of virgin paper requires a minimum of 474,000 kg of water.

Source info: paper industry Kay Teschke and Paul Demers)

Interpretation: Each sheet of white paper in its usual format 80 grams DIN A4 size weighs 5 grams (not including the associated shrinkage). Therefore, each sheet assumes a minimum consumption of 2.42 litres of water.
Environmental impact
Although the Earth is known as the Blue Planet because 71% of its surface area is occupied by water, the truth is that only 3.5% is freshwater, and only 0.007% is accessible to the population. It is a resource that is unevenly distributed, poorly managed and increasingly polluted.

The UN has identified access to this natural resource as one of the biggest problems facing the world.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ecological footprint

ISO 14044:2006 Environmental Management Reference Macro

Objective: to determine the impact of paper use on deforestation.

Inventory analysis: Global paper consumption is 268 million tonnes per year. Every year, 4 billion trees are cut down worldwide to make paper, which represents one third of the global harvest.

Environmental impact assessment: Producing one tonne of virgin paper requires 2 to 3.5 tonnes of trees, i.e. an average of 28 to 49 trees (depending on size).

Source info: paper industry

Interpretation: Each sheet of white paper in its usual format 80 grams DIN A4 size weighs 5 grams (not including the associated waste). Therefore, each sheet assumes a minimum consumption of 0.000245 parts of a tree.

Environmental impact:
– Deforestation of the planet causes the greenhouse effect, climate change, droughts, fires and erosion.
– In the last fifty years, the world has lost an area of forest equivalent to that of China and India combined.
– The Amazon rainforest is disappearing at the rate of a football pitch per second. If we point out that this type of forest is home to between 50 and 90% of the planet’s biological diversity, then we have an idea of what its loss means.
– In Extremadura (Spain), in the years from 1950 to 1980, a quarter of the holm oak forests were lost, equivalent to approximately nine million trees. Although it is now forbidden to cut holm oaks, recovery is difficult due to pests, drought and overgrazing.

The tree is more than just a wood factory:
– It is the best solar collector: it uses the sun’s energy, which is free and non-polluting.
– Fertilises the soil: inert materials, minerals, etc. are transformed into organic matter.
– It transforms itself into compost (leaves, fruits, roots and all of it when it dies).
– It provides food and shelter for forest animals.

➤ Order EHA/962/2007, of April 10, 2007, of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, developing certain provisions on telematic invoicing and electronic invoice storage, contained in Royal Decree 1496/2003, of November 28, which approves the regulations governing invoicing obligations.

➤ Royal Decree 1624/1992, of December 29, approving the Value Added Tax Regulations.

➤ Royal Decree 1619/2012, of November 30, approving the Regulation governing invoicing obligations.

➤ AEAT Resolution of October 24, 2007, of the State Tax Administration Agency, on the procedure for the approval of digitalization software contemplated in Order EHA/962/2007, of April 10, 2007. Royal Decree 1619/2012, of November 30, approving the Regulations governing invoicing obligations.

➤ Resolution 2/2003, of February 14, 2003, of the Directorate General of the State Tax Administration Agency, on certain aspects related to telematic invoicing.

➤ Quality Management Plan approved by Resolution of AEAT.

➤ General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 679/2016 (GDPR.)

➤ ISO 27001, Information Security Management System.

➤ ISO 9001, Quality Management System.

➤ Regulation (EU) 910/2014 of 23 July 2014, on electronic identification and trust services (eIDAS).

➤ Royal Decree 1619/2012, of November 30, approving the Regulation governing invoicing obligations.

➤ ETSI (EU) eIDAS trust services standards.

Who issues certified evidence of delivery?

ANF Autoridad de Certificación, Prestador Cualificado de Servicios de Confianza (PCSC) assumes the responsibility for the administration of the service, elaborating the evidences and certifying them by means of a qualified electronic signature of long validity.

Regulatory compliance

PKI platform developed in compliance with Regulation (EU) 910/2014, the Spanish Electronic Signature Law, ETSI standards, ISO 27001, and data protection legislation (RGPD and LOPD), a Data Protection Impact Assessment has been prepared.

Judicial appraisals

ANF Autoridad de Certificación has judicial experts in the field, with the capacity to draw up expert reports, ratify and give judicial testimony.

What can be certified?

All the evidences issued by this certified delivery service have legal value and evidentiary effectiveness. All of them are authenticated by means of a qualified electronic signature, the only signature that is comparable to a handwritten signature.

We recommend you to be extremely cautious with offers that bet exclusively on the advanced signature claiming complexity of use, both signatures have exactly the same complexity, the only difference is that the provider must have technology on secure signature creation devices QSCD, and be able to make use of it. ANF AC has QSCD technology.

When choosing a signature provider, we recommend that you inform yourself about the legal aspects of this important instrument.

What documentation do I need?
Legal Representative of a Legal Entity

Documentation related to the entity:

Commercial companies and other legal entities whose registration in the Mercantile Registry is compulsory:

• -Public deed of incorporation. Authentic copy showing the registration in the Mercantile Registry.
• -NIF card.

Associations, Foundations and Cooperatives not registrable in the Mercantile Registry:

• -Resolution of registration in the competent public registry.
• -NIF card.

Civil companies and other legal entities:

• -Public or private document of incorporation. If it is a private document, it must contain the seal of a public body (for example, Autonomous Community, Tax Agency, etc.).
• -NIF card.

Documentation related to the legal representative:

• -Valid DNI, NIE or residence card. If the NIE is justified with the communication of the General Directorate of Police, it must be accompanied by the National Identity Card in case of EU citizens, or passport, both for EU and non-EU citizens..
• -For directors of commercial companies, a certified copy of the deed of appointment, showing the registration in the Commercial Registry.
• -For representatives of Associations, Foundations and Cooperatives not registrable in the Mercantile Registry, public or private appointment document stating the term of office and resolution of registration of the appointment in the competent public registry.
• -For representatives of civil companies and other legal entities, public or private appointment document stating the term of office.

Civil companies and other legal entities shall provide an original or certified copy of the document that certifies their incorporation in a reliable manner.

Associations, Foundations and Cooperatives shall prove their valid incorporation by providing an original or certified copy of a certificate from the public registry where they are registered, regarding their incorporation.

Companies and other legal entities whose registration in the Mercantile Registry is mandatory shall prove their valid incorporation by means of the provision of an original or certified copy of the Mercantile Registry regarding the incorporation data and current administrative positions of the entity.

What is the FacturaE format?

The FacturaE format is a text file that defines the fields of an invoice according to XML format standards (it is designed to be processed by computer).
The first ebXML format for electronic invoices was promoted by ANF AC as president of the technical committee for Spain of the Universal Business Language (UBL) of the OASIS organisation.
OASIS was approved in 1999 by UN/CEFACT, the United Nations committee that deals with standards for business. In Spain, for political reasons, although it maintained the XML format, it did not follow the OASIS model, creating the FacturaE modality.

How to invoice public administrations electronically?

Electronic invoices intended for Public Administrations have three specific requirements:
1. Be in Facturae 3.2 or 3.2.1 format).
2. Be electronically signed.
3. Specify the recipient of the electronic invoice. Delivery.

What is the XSIG format?

An XSIG is a signed XML file. The XML file contains the structured data of the reasoned report. When the XML file is signed, an XSIG file is generated which includes both the previous data and the signature of the data.

What regulation governs electronic invoicing for public administrations?

Law 25/2013, of 27 December, on the promotion of electronic invoicing and the creation of the accounting register of invoices in the Public Sector. Published in: “BOE” no. 311, 28/12/2013.

In recent years, qualified electronic certificates have become the most widely used credential for authentication and identification processes. They allow entities to generate personal and non-transferable credentials, endorsed by State and European regulations, for robust authentication processes in both local and web platforms. These credentials also allow their holders to sign documents, encrypt files and identify themselves before electronic offices of the public administration. In other words, with a single credential given to the employee, the entity will be able to have all HR management and platform accesses digitized and solved.

This great scope and range of possibilities, however, may mean in some cases granting a greater scope than desired. For this, ANF AC makes available to SMEs and large corporations the centralized administration and control platform of certificates, capable of limiting the functionalities, hours of use and access to electronic offices for certificate holders.

• Manages certificates without the need to store them. Allows remote administration, the platform can be installed under the exclusive custody of your organization.

➤ Order EHA/962/2007, of 10 April 2007 of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, implementing certain provisions on telematic invoicing and electronic storage of invoices, contained in Royal Decree 1496/2003, of 28 November, approving the regulation governing invoicing obligations.

➤ Order EHA/962/2007, of 10 April 2007 of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, implementing certain provisions on telematic invoicing and electronic storage of invoices, contained in Royal Decree 1496/2003, of 28 November, approving the regulation governing invoicing obligations.

➤ Royal Decree 1619/2012, of 30 November, approving the Regulation governing invoicing obligations.

➤ AEAT Resolution of 24 October 2007, of the State Tax Administration Agency, on the procedure for the approval of digitalisation software contemplated in Order EHA/962/2007, of 10 April 2007. Royal Decree 1619/2012, of 30 November, approving the Regulation governing invoicing obligations.

➤ Resolution 2/2003, of 14 February 2003, of the Directorate General of the State Agency for Tax Administration, on certain aspects related to telematic invoicing.

➤ Resolution 2/2003, of 14 February 2003, of the Directorate General of the State Agency for Tax Administration, on certain aspects related to telematic invoicing.

➤ Quality Management Plan approved by Resolution of the AEAT.

➤ Quality Management Plan approved by Resolution of the AEAT.

➤ General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 679/2016 (GDPR).

➤ ISO 27001, Information Security Management System.

➤ ISO 9001, Quality Management System.

➤ Regulation (EU) 910/2014 of 23 July 2014 , on electronic identification and trust services (eIDAS).

➤ Royal Decree 1619/2012, of 30 November, approving the Regulation governing invoicing obligations.

➤ ETSI (EU) standards eIDAS trust services.

✓ANF AC es Autoridad de Validación, y junto con @Firma (Gobierno de España.), son las únicas entidades autorizadas para expedir validaciones que determinan el estado de vigencia de los certificados emitidos por las distintas jerarquías de ANF AC.

✓La forma aprobada por la IETF de verificar la validez de un certificado es el Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP).

✓El servicio OCSP para validación de firma electrónica en origen, es un servicio on-line de alta disponibilidad. Cumple lo establecido en el Art. 32.1 del Reglamento (UE) 910/2014; de manera automatizada incluye la firma electrónica avanzada de ANF AC en su calidad de Autoridad de Validación.

Gestión administrativa del papel. Estimación de costes en base a un costo directo de producto de 4 euros por paquete de 500 unidades de folio de 80 gramos, tamaño DIN A-4.

Calculo estimado en base a: Costo de producto, transporte, almacenaje, impresión, archivo, manipulación, destrucción.
Estimación aproximada 0,5 euros.

En el caso de facturas papel, burofax, notario, etc. los costos se elevan exponencialmente, llegando a multiplicar el 10 el valor de gestión administrativa.

Por ejemplo, todos los estudios publicados cifran como mínimo el ahorro de un proceso de digitalización de facturas en:
─ Factura emitida es de 2,85 euros
─ Factura recibida de 2,86

Objetivo: determinar la energía necesaria en la producción de papel.

Análisis inventario: El proceso papelero es intensivo en consumo de energía eléctrica y vapor.
Para producir 1 Tm de papel se utilizan aproximadamente 4.000 kWh de energía (77 % procedente de combustible fósil).
El mix eléctrico del año 2010 es de 181 g CO2/kWh . factor de emisión de CO2 atribuible al suministro eléctrico conocido como mix eléctrico (g de CO2/kWh)

Fuente info: Generalitat de Catalunya –Guia práctica.

Evaluación del impacto ambiental: España es país productor de celulosa de papel, y supone más del 10% del total de la energía consumida por el conjunto de toda la industria en España, lo que presupone más de 14.000 ktep. Para la producción de energía en España, los combustibles fósiles han cubierto más del 77 %, la nuclear más del 12 %. Y un 11 % de renovables.
─ 1 ktep equivale a 11.630.000 kW-h
─ 1 ktep son 1000 toneladas equivalentes de petróleo.

Fuente: Gobierno de España

Interpretación: Cada hoja de papel blanco en su formato habitual 80 gramos tamaño DIN A4 pesa 5 gramos (no incluida la merma asociada). Por tanto, cada hoja precisa de:
─ 0,0154 kWh de energía, que equivale a
─ 0,0462 Kg., de petróleo, que a su vez representan
─ 2,7874 g de CO2.

No se incluyen en este análisis la generación de vapor al caecer de datos de la generación de vapor producida.

Impacto medioambiental
La generación eléctrica mediante combustibles fósiles genera dióxido de carbono, que es uno de los principales causantes del efecto invernadero.

El vapor de agua (H2O), dióxido de carbono (CO2), óxido nitroso (N2O), metano (CH4), y ozono (O3) son los principales gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera terrestre (Protocolo de Kioto)

Objetivo: determinar la degradación ambiental que ocasiona la producción de papel.

Análisis inventario: Para que el papel quede blanco, es necesario utilizar diversos aditivos como el dióxido de cloro, un producto que no existe en el medio de forma natural, requiere de otros procesos productivos cuyo efecto no está incluidos en este análisis. Este producto se disuelve en el agua que, una vez utilizada, se vierte al medio ambiente, ocasionando graves efectos contaminantes.

Evaluación del impacto ambiental: Producir una tonelada de papel blanco requiere unos 10 litros dióxido de cloro, y 10 Kg. de talco por Tm de celulosa de papel.

Fuente info: industria del papel Kay Teschke y Paul Demers)

Interpretación: Cada hoja de papel blanco en su formato habitual 80 gramos tamaño DIN A4 pesa 5 gramos (no incluida la merma asociada). Por tanto, cada hoja precisa de 0,05 gramos de talco y 0,05 gramos de dióxido de cloro.

Impacto medioambiental
Los llamados compuestos organoclorados (más de mil diferentes) se forman al reaccionar la pulpa de madera con el cloro. De ese cóctel químico se conocen realmente solo unos 300.

– La persistencia en el tiempo de los organoclorados es enorme. Los seres vivos no disponen de medios para excretarlos y por eso aumentan su concentración al recorrer la cadena trófica. Todo vertido de cloro al ambiente, en forma líquida o sólida, como algunos plásticos (PVC) producen también este fenómeno.

– Una serie de compuestos organoclorados son especialmente peligrosos: las llamadas dioxinas, el veneno más potente que se haya inventado jamás. Su toxicidad es 70,000 veces mayor que la del cianuro. Un cartón de leche sin protección interior de aluminio puede contaminar de dioxinas el contenido del envase, por lo que algunos países, como Nueva Zelanda, los han prohibido.

Objetivo: Determinar el consumo de agua dulce necesario para producir papel.

Análisis inventario: Para fabricar un kilo de celulosa de papel se precisan 324 litros de agua.

Además, una fábrica de blanqueo de pasta kraft con una producción de 1.000 toneladas al día consume más de 150 millones de litros de agua al día, que se vierte convertida en agua altamente contaminada.

Evaluación del impacto ambiental: Producir una tonelada de papel virgen requiere un mínimo de 474.000 kg.de agua

Fuente info: industria del papel Kay Teschke y Paul Demers)

Interpretación: Cada hoja de papel blanco en su formato habitual 80 gramos tamaño DIN A4 pesa 5 gramos (no incluida la merma asociada). Por tanto, cada hoja presupone un consumo mínimo de 2,42 litros de agua.

Impacto medioambiental
Aunque a la Tierra se la conoce como el Planeta Azul porque el 71 % de su extensión está ocupada por agua, lo cierto es que solo el 3,5 % es agua dulce, y solo el 0.007 % es accesible para la población. Es un recurso que se distribuye de forma irregular, que está mal gestionado y cada vez más contaminado.

La ONU a considerado el acceso a este recurso natural como uno de los mayores problemas a los que se enfrenta el mundo.

Maco de referencia ISO 14044:2006 Gestión Ambiental

Objetivo: determinar el impacto del uso del papel en la desforestación.

Análisis inventario: El consumo mundial de papel es de 268 millones de toneladas al año. Cada año se talan 4.000 millones de árboles en el mundo para fabricar papel, que representa un tercio de la tala mundial.

Evaluación del impacto ambiental: Producir una tonelada de papel virgen requiere de 2 a 3,5 toneladas de árboles, es decir una media de 28 a 49 árboles (según tamaño)

Fuente info: industria del papel

Interpretación: Cada hoja de papel blanco en su formato habitual 80 gramos tamaño DIN A4 pesa 5 gramos (no incluida la merma asociada). Por tanto, cada hoja presupone un consumo mínimo de 0,000245 partes de un árbol.

Impacto medioambiental:
– La desforestación del planeta ocasiona el efecto invernadero, el cambio climático, las sequías, los incendios, y la erosión.
– En los últimos cincuenta años se ha perdido en el mundo una superficie de bosque equivalente a China y la India juntas.
– La selva amazónica desaparece al ritmo de una cancha de fútbol por segundo. Si destacamos que este tipo de bosque alberga entre el 50 y el 90% de la diversidad biológica del planeta, entonces nos haremos una idea de lo que supone su pérdida.
– Por lo que respecta a Extremadura (España), en los años que van de 1950 a 1980, se perdieron la cuarta parte de los bosques de encinas, lo que equivale aproximadamente a unos nueve millones de árboles. Aunque ya está prohibido cortar encinas, la recuperación es difícil debido a las plagas, la sequía y el sobrepastoreo.

El árbol es algo más que una fábrica de madera:
– Es el mejor captador solar: aprovecha la energía del sol, que es una energía gratis y no contaminante.
– Fertiliza el suelo: los materiales inertes, los minerales, etc. son transformados en materia orgánica.
– Él mismo se transforma en abono (hojas, frutos, raíces y todo él cuando muere).
– Da alimento y refugio a los animales del bosque.

Objetivo: determinar la pérdida del oxígeno necesario para la vida humana por la producción de papel.

Análisis inventario: Un árbol proporciona el oxígeno que consumen 3 personas en un día. Cada año se talan 4.000 millones de árboles en el mundo para fabricar papel.

Evaluación del impacto ambiental: Producir una tonelada de papel virgen requiere un mínimo de 474.000 kg.de agua.

Fuente info: industria del papel Kay Teschke y Paul Demers)

Interpretación: Cada hoja de papel blanco en su formato habitual 80 gramos tamaño DIN A4 pesa 5 gramos (no incluida la merma asociada). Por tanto, cada hoja presupone el oxígeno que consume 0,000735 partes de 3 personas.

Impacto medio ambiental
El efecto invernadero es una realidad incuestionable, la actual tala de árboles representa una pérdida de generación de oxígeno equivalente a casi cuatro veces la población mundial.